Staging
TNM Staging Classifications per American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th Edition 2016)
| Primary Tumor (T) | |
| Tx T0 | Primary tumor cannot be assessed No evidence of primary tumor |
| T1 | Clinically inapparent tumor not palpable not visible by imaging |
| T1a | Incidental tumor in < 5% of TUR tissue |
| T1b | Incidental tumor in > 5% of TUR tissue |
| T1c | Needle biopsy prompted by elevated PSA |
| T2 | Organ confined |
| T3 | Tumor extends beyond the prostatic capsule |
| T3a | Extracapsular, unilateral and bilateral or microscopic invasion of bladder neck |
| T3b | Tumor invades seminal vesicles (s) |
| T4 | Tumor invades external sphincter, rectum, pelvic side wall |
| Lymph Nodes (N) | |
| Nx N0 | Regional nodes were not assessed No regional (below level of bifurcation of common iliac arteries) nodes |
| N1 | Regional node metastases – including pelvic, hypogastric, obturator, iliac, sacral |
| Distant Metastases (M) | |
| Mx M0 | Regional nodes not assessed No Metastases |
| M1 M1a M1b M1c | No distant metastasis Non-regional lymph nodes (outside true pelvis) Bone(s) Other site(s) with or without bone disease |
Summary of prostatic carcinoma staging.
| STAGE | DETAILS |
| Stage I | Small sized tumor confined to the prostate. |
| Stage II | Enlarged tumor involving both lobes but still confined to the prostate. |
| Stage III | Extra prostatic tumor including local lymph nodes or seminal vesicles. |
| Stage IV | Distant metastasis. |