Classification

Primary hydrocele

It is the condition characterised by a continuous communication between scrotal sac and abdominal cavity after birth.  In this case the distal portion remains patent as the tunica vaginalis covers the testis, creating a potential space where fluid accumulation within it can lead to hydrocele formation.

Types

• Congenital Hydrocele, occurs when processus vaginalis is patent and communicates with the peritoneal cavity. This communication allows the movement of peritoneal fluid from abdominal cavity to the scrotum.
• Infantile Hydrocele, In this case, processus vaginalis gets obliterated at the level of the deep inguinal ring. However, the portion distal to it remains patent and allows fluid accumulation.
• Encysted Hydrocele,  Both the proximal and distal portions of processus vaginalis get obliterated while the central portion remains patent and fluid accumulates within it.
• Vaginal Hydrocele, Processus vaginalis remains patent only around the testes, and, as fluid accumulates, it renders the testes impalpable.

Secondary hydrocele

Secondary hydrocele occurs due to imbalance between secretion and absorption of the fluid for various reasons acquired during individual’s lifetime such as scrotal infections, injuries, trauma, testicular torsion and testicular tumors.