Types

Threatened abortion, in which the fetus is viable, closed cervix which is associated with per vaginal bleeding and mild lower abdominal pain. Pregnancy test is positive.

Inevitable abortion, in which the cervix is open, products of conception can be protruding through the external OS associated with severe pv bleeding and Lower abdominal pain. Pregnancy test is positive.

Incomplete abortion, in which there is partial expulsion of products of conception. The fetus is non-viable, open cervix associated with per vaginal bleeding and moderate to severe cramping lower abdominal pain. Pregnancy test is positive.

Complete abortion, total expulsion of all products of conception, the cervix is closed with minimal or no pv bleeding at all, the uterine cavity is empty. Pregnancy test is positive.

Septic abortion, infected products of conception and the surrounding uterine tissue. Moderate to severe Abdominal pain, fever, foul smelling pv discharge which may be mixed with blood, tender uterus with or without rebound tenderness, Cervix is usually open. Pregnancy test is positive.

Missed abortion, Fetal death occurs for a significant duration without expulsion. The cervix is closed, mild or no pv bleeding at all, fundal height less than expected gestational age with diminished pregnancy symptoms. Pregnancy test might be negative. Products of conception seen in the uterus with calcification.

Habitual abortion, Occurrence of three of more consecutive pregnancy loss usually at around the same gestational age. It can occur due to cervical incompetence or ABO Isoimmunization.