Uterine changes
Uterine involution, refers to shrinkage of the uterus into its original shape and size. Two days after delivery, uterus begins to shrink and within the 1st two weeks it descends into pelvic cavity. It regains its non-pregnant size about 4 weeks after delivery.
Subinvolution,arrest or retardation of uterine shrinkage. It is associated with prolongation of lochia discharge, irregular or excessive uterine bleeding.The uterus becomes larger and softer.It can happen due to retention of placental fragments and pelvic infection.
Mild post partum contractions facilitate expulsion of remnants of blood and membranes from the uterine cavity in form of a vaginal discharge known as lochia. Based on colour and composition, there are three types of lochia.
Lochia rubra is red in colour lasting for 3–5 days.
Lochia serosa is thinner and brownish with less blood content lasting for 5-7 days.
Lochia alba is yellowish to white discharge containing leukocytes and mucus but possibly also fat and cholesterol .
A heavy discharge beyond 6 weeks post partum can indicate infection. Unusual persistence of red lochia can also indicate retained placental tissue or fetal membranes, and requires thorough investigation. Generally, lochia can last for 4-8 weeks after delivery.