Wound healing process

Wound healing process can be explained in four phases:

Hemostasis

It begins shortly after wound formation whereby Platelets are the first cells to arrive at the injury site producing growh factors stimulating chemotaxis and proliferation of inflammatory cells.

Inflammatory phase

Polymorphonuclear cells (PMNs) first appear during this phase, with a primary role of clearing devitalized tissue, blood clot, foreign material, and bacteria from the wound.

Proliferative phase

In this phase Extra Cellular Matrix is produced laying the foundation to stabilize the wound edges and provide a healing framework. Fibroblasts replace macrophages to generate new tissue and stimulate collagen production for enhanced structural integrity.

Remodeling phase

It is characterized by continued synthesis and degradation of the ECM components so as to establish a new equilibrium and organized scar formation.